Exhibition Online: 100 years of Bauhaus

About the Exhibition

The Bauhaus was one of the most significant schools of art, design and architecture in the 20th century. As a new idea and pioneering modernist concept, it revolutionised the different arts and found followers around the world. One hundred years after it opened, it still inspires artists across the globe.

The Berlin architect Walter Gropius founded the Bauhaus in 1919 in Weimar, as a university for design. Following moves to Dessau in 1925 and Berlin in 1932, when the Nazis seized power in 1933 they forced its then director, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, to close the school down.

One of the precepts of the Bauhaus was to strengthen craftsmanship in the face of industrialisation. Consequently, it was not just architecture that emerged from its various workshops, but also works of painting, sculpture, photography, furniture, weaving, metalwork and ceramic.

There is no such thing as a unified Bauhaus style. Rather, its character was developed by the prominent artists who taught at the Bauhaus, or who learned their trade there. These include Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Lyonel Feininger and Marianne Brandt – still some the most important artists of modernism, even today.

包浩斯是二十世紀最重要的藝術、設計和建築學派之一。它以新穎的理念和開創性的格局，徹底改造了各種領域的藝術形態，影響遍及全世界。即便在一百年之後的今天，它依舊激勵着世界各地的藝術家。

柏林建築師瓦特·格羅皮佑斯（Walter Gropius）於1919年創立包浩斯（Bauhaus）做為威瑪設計學院（Weimar）。它在1925年搬到德索、1932年又搬遷至柏林之後，1933年在遭受當時執政的納粹黨徒的強大壓力之下，院長路德維希·密斯·凡德羅不得不關閉包浩斯。

包浩斯的理念在於以工業化的條件強化手工藝術品的角色。因此，在各種工作坊中，不僅要設計新建築，還要設計繪畫、雕塑、照片、家具、編織、金屬物品和陶瓷。

沒有所謂的包浩斯風格。相反地，包浩斯的特色是經由教授包浩斯的人，或接受包浩斯的養成訓練的人而各自展現，其中包括康定斯基、保羅·克利、利奧尼·費寧格和瑪麗安·勃蘭特這些傑出人士。他們至今仍名列現代最重要的藝術家。